The Electrical Market Generation Engineering Essay

In a deregulated power advertise, the coevals, transmittal and dispersion segments are worked by various organizations. This may offer ascent to blockage in transmittal lines because of miss of co appointment between various divisions. It might other than occur in a vertically join advertise yet it can simple be taken consideration of since all the three divisions are constrained by one substance. Clog can intrude on the interest and gracefully showcase. It would straight be able to affect the overall gains of the market members. Without clog advertise money related worth will be unvarying however with blockage the fiscal qualities in certain nations will increment and in different nations will lessen. Clog changes the pre despatch program of bring forthing units so as to run into the vitality requests with less expensive bring forthing units cut bringing down their finished result while costly units expanding their final results in the engorged nations. This makes the vitality showc ase less productive. By clog we imply that the transmittal web can't join the entirety of the pined for minutess because of wrongdoing of the framework limits. These could be thermic, electromotive power, minimal sign stableness limits and so forth. These limits are damaged because of the breaks in power stream in transmittal lines. In this manner it gets basic to make strides that would prevent or procure free of clog in transmittal lines. Let ‘s hold an articulation at a clog outline. Assume that there is where the power flexibly turns out to be extremely reasonable. This would follow in an expanding request as an ever increasing number of individuals would want to go for that power seting a tremendous aggregate of weight on the framework. So as to run into the expanding request, there would be overwhelming progression of control over the transmittal lines. This would acquire losingss each piece great as the stableness limits would be compromised resulting in clog. There are two different ways to chop down blockage. One is the capable way, by using the FACTS gadgets and the transformer pat facilities though the other one is identified with the market e.g unloading, re-dispatching etc.1.2 AimsThe points of this proposal undertaking are as per the following: To Analyze the FACTS gadgets To Identify the various employments because of blockage To show the utilization of FACTS gadgets in pull offing blockage in pool advertise To smoothen the Locational Marginal Prices ( LMP ) and amplify the cultural open help Monetary thought in game plan of FACTS1.3 Scope of ThesisThe proposition will get down with the writing reappraisal on ideal force stream, Power stream restrictions, FACTS gadgets, power stream control, how FACTS are utilized to build the transmittal limit so as to cover with the blockage bearing in transmittal frameworks. Power showcase hypothetical record will be created and by using the FACTS gadgets the LMP will be smoothened and the cultural open help will be augmented.. In the terminal dependent on the outcomes, proposals and choices would be given consequently.Literature Review2.1 Optimum Power FlowIn 1960 a few augmentations were made in the customary financial weight despatch work called ideal force stream ( OPF ) . OPF reproduction is utilized to happen the ideal answer for an occupation. A framework can be displayed by an objective guide. This equitable guide could be limiting the creation cost, limiting the transmittal losingss and so on. It relies upon what sort of market the objective guide speaks to. The OPF is utilized to order various factors in such a way, that the objective guide can be limited following in the expansion in general productivity of the system.2.2 Power System ConstraintsWith the developing of electric open assistance organizations everywhere throughout the universe, the transmittal frameworks are being pushed nearer to their stableness limits while increasingly more nature of intensity is being requested. The transmittal of control over a nation or a section might be restricted because of certain force limitations, for example, Consistent region power transportation bound Voltage stableness bound Dynamic stableness bound Transeunt stableness bound Motions suppressing bound Warm bound These are known as the choking influences as they limit the whole of intensity fluxing through transmittal lines.2.3 Congestion ManagementCongestion course is a significant activity looked by the autonomous framework administrators ( ISO ) in the deregulated power condition as it has a huge negative effect on advertise fiscal qualities and the market exchange following breaks and financial disciplines under some status. Certainty gadgets like TCSC, TCPAR ( more on this in the accompanying part ) can help to chop down blockage, smoothen locational fringy money related esteem and amplify the cultural open help. [ 1 ] The recognizable blockage bearing frameworks generally being utilized are Nodal estimating technique Zonal estimating technique These are the clog heading hypothetical records that depend on ideal force stream calculation [ 2 ] . In [ 3 ] , two assaults taking care of with the heading costs are contemplated. The primary assault is the nodal estimating which frames the model for the pool hypothetical record. The second assault depends on cost designation processs proposed for the reciprocal hypothetical record. Pool and the two-sided hypothetical record are looked at. The reciprocal hypothetical record would simple hold been the undeniable pick for customers in the event that it had n't been for the specific highlights of power. These highlights produce two employments. The primary employment identifies with the nearness of transmittal restrictions though the second one identifies with transmittal losingss. The pool modifies these specific highlights of power in exchanging strategy. The locational aspects of pool hypothetical record depend on hypothesis of nodal topographic point estimating. In [ 4 ] , zonary clog course has been introduced. Significance of existent and receptive force despatchs in mitigating the clog heading has been featured. Clog bearing in pool hypothetical record is figured as a Non Linear Programming ( NLP ) and it is settled by using the fittingness separation proportion molecule drove insight. In [ 5 ] , coordination between the pool and the reciprocal exchanging clog despatch in intercrossed market hypothetical record is explored. A numerical hypothetical record of co-ordinated clog despatch is made which relates the pace of pool purchasing cost and the diminishing pace of agreements to the priority of various exchanges the intercrossed power market.2.4 FACTSThe ordinary methods of increasing force framework control were to use Series capacitance to order the electric opposition, exchanged shunt capacitance and reactor to order the electromotive power, stage changing transformer to order the point and so forth. Presently in the cutting edge universe FACTS bookkeepers are being utilized. The develop of FACTS was first presented in 1990. Realities represent Flexible AC Transmission Systems. Realities is characterized by the IEEE as â€Å" a force electronic based framework and other idle gear that give control of at least one AC transmittal framework parametric amounts to uplift controllability and increment power transportation ability [ 2 ] . The FACTS gadgets late got well known because of their proficient force controllability in power transmittal lines. There are a figure of FACT gadgets that are by and by being utilized each holding their upsides and downsides. The force is created and conveyed to the shoppers over transmittal networks. The force stream is identified with the electric opposition of these transmittal lines. More noteworthy the electric opposition lesser will be the force stream. When there is a surge popular, the electrical cables with low electric obstruction will procure over-burden before the high electric opposition 1s limiting the force that can be transmitted through the high electric obstruction lines. There are two different ways through which the lifting request can be met. They are: †Fabricate more transmittal lines so as to build the transmittal limit Utilize the FACTS gadgets in the bing transmittal web so as to build their transmittal limit by directing the force stream. The previous one is non executable since it requires a massive contributing and has some natural concerns related with it. The last 1 is the thing that we would be taking a gander at. The essential uses of FACT gadgets are: They increment the bing transmittal line power ability Control the force stream Decline in receptive force benefitting bring forthing organizations in light of the fact that lesser the responsive force more will be the existent force. The customers are charged for the existent force they expend. To build the stableness Voltage control Increment the security of the framework. In [ 6 ] , blockage heading strategies are thought of. The first is the re despatch of the coevals plan framed by the market. Blockage heading cost is assessed using the coevals plan. The introducing and the activity of adaptable hopping current transmittal frameworks ( FACTS ) gadgets in the transmittal lines for the goal of countering clog is other than thought of. A money saving advantage investigation is proposed which legitimizes the monetary attainability of FACTS gadgets. Subsequent to shipping out preliminaries on IEEE 14 mentor framework, this paper infers that when FACTS gadgets are utilized in transmittal lines at ideal spots they had the option to chop down the whole of capacity to be re dispatched each piece great as the expense of clog. In [ 7 ] , blockage brought about by the expanding figure of reciprocal agreements is mitigated by using two techniques. Cost free and non cost free organizations. The previous exchanges with the stage shifters, FACTS gadgets. The framework with and without FACTS gadgets is thought about. The ideal force stream ( OPF ) outcome shows that the single force minutess endure less decrease with FACTS. The use of FACTS gadget called thyristor controlled arrangement compensator (

United Nations and International Peace

Presentation United Nations is a worldwide association, built up in 1945 after the Second World War following the critical results of the First and the Second World Wars. In spite of the fact that the First World War prompted the foundation of the League of Nations so as to advance global harmony and security, it neglected to forestall the event of the Second World War. To defeat the blemishes in the League of Nations, the United Nations was shaped on 26 June 1945, when the Charter of the United Nations was marked by part states.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on United Nations and International Peace explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The elements of the United Nations as specified in the Article 1 incorporate keeping up global harmony and security, growing amicable relations among countries, advancing universal collaboration in critical thinking and harmonization of the aggregate obligation of the countries (Auden, 1997, p. 50). This article looks at the job of the United Nations in support of worldwide harmony and security, and its adequacy as engaged by the sanction. The United Nations Provisions The Charter of the United Nations Article 24 enables the Security Council to practice the elements of the United Nation. As indicated by the International Court of Justice (2010), the United Nations individuals â€Å"confer on the Security Council essential obligation regarding the support of worldwide harmony and security, and concur that in completing its obligations under this duty the Security Council follows up on their behalf.† The Security Council has privilege of deciding harmony and security status of the part states by guaranteeing that each part has equivalent privileges of insurance. The Security Council should release its capacities as specified in sections VI, VII, and XII in the Charter of the United Nations. Part VI of the United Nations Charter manages Pacific Settlement of Disputes. This section enab les the Security Council to call questioning gatherings to understand any contest â€Å"by exchange, enquiry, intervention, placation, mediation, legal settlement, resort to provincial organizations or courses of action, or other quiet methods for their own choice† (Browne, 2003, p. 16). The Security Council distinguish, examine and suggest suitable techniques of tending to circumstances that may compromise the upkeep of global harmony and security to the International Court of Justice (Novak, 2001, p. 5). In section VII, the United Nations Charter offers forces to the security to â€Å"determine the presence of any danger to the harmony, break of the harmony, or demonstration of animosity and will make proposals, or choose what measures will be taken as per Article 41 and 42, to keep up or reestablish global harmony and security† (Miller, 1999, p. 67). The Security Council will utilize all way to ensure that every one of its individuals are secured against any danger to harmony or an aggression.Advertising Looking for paper on worldwide relations? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In section VII, the United Nations Charter engages the Security Council to guarantee that any territorial game plans that include upkeep of the universal harmony and security ought to consent to the United Nations purposes and standards. As indicated by the Article 52, â€Å"the Security Council will support the improvement of pacific settlement of nearby debates through such local courses of action or by such provincial offices either on the activity of the states concerned or by reference from the Security Council† (Brader, 2005, p. 78). The Security Council ought to be refreshed â€Å"at all occasions about the exercises embraced or in thought under territorial courses of action or by provincial organizations for the upkeep of worldwide harmony and security† (Smith, 2002, p. 33). Since the Unite d Nations Security Council is liable for the support of harmony and security around the world, at that point any issues identified with harmony and security are of extraordinary concern in case they compromise harmony and security of others. Viability of the United Nations Political nature of the General Assembly and the Security Council upset the adequacy of the United Nations in encouraging universal harmony and security. Simon (2009) contends that, ‘the United Nations’ endeavors to safeguard worldwide harmony and security are the most antagonistic part of its whole work, due to the characteristically political nature of its role† (p. 23). The goals of contentions and debates rely upon the political direction of the General Assembly, Security Council and part states in this manner entangling the issues. The choice to attack Iraq was planned politically by George Bush and Tony Blair to bamboozle the world that Saddam Hussein had weapons of mass annihilation. Prad os and Ames (2010), contend that, â€Å"the proof demonstrates the choice was made early, some time before ultimatums to Iraq or other strategic action.† This shows the principle explanation behind Iraq intrusion was political as opposed to a security reason. Another case is the virus war between the United State and Soviet Union where Baruch portrays it as â€Å"the most significant political and discretionary issue of the early post war period† (2007). The split of the Soviet Union was because of political impact of the United Nations. End The primary explanation behind the foundation of the United Nations was spare the world against horrendous results of war. Appalling encounters of First and Second World War caused the world heads to meet up to and consider different methods of forestalling the future event of war.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on United Nations and International Peace explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Un ited Nations in its Security Council arm is cultivating worldwide harmony and security through legitimate methodology, tact and military peacekeeping. With this honorable duty, the United Nations encounters undue political weight as they keep up global harmony and security. References Auden, H. (1997). The United Nations Charter. Human Rights Journal, 22(3): 45-53. Print. Baruch, B. (2007). Cold War. Worldwide Security. Web. Brader, S. (2005). Global Relations: Peace and Security. New York. Norton. 78. Browne, M. (2003). Joined Nations Peacekeeping: Issues for Congress. The Library of Congress, 6(2): 1-16. Global Court of Justice, (2010). The Charter of the United Nations. Web. Mill operator, T. (1999). Harmony Treaties and the United Nations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 67.Advertising Searching for exposition on global relations? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Novak, G. (2001). The Security Council: United Nations. Diary of Human rights, 3(1): 5. Prados, J., Ames, C. (2010). The Iraq War: U.S. what's more, British Documents Give No Indication Alternatives Were Seriously Considered. National Security Archive. Web. Simon, T. (2009). Worldwide Peace Security: Basic Charter Provisions. United Nations Review, 34(9): 23. Smith, P. (2002). The Charter of the United Nations. The Expositional Journal, 12(1): 32-33. This paper on United Nations and International Peace was composed and put together by client Amare Hoffman to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it appropriately. You can give your paper here.

HOW TO Reserve Your Own XXX Domain Names

HOW TO Reserve Your Own XXX Domain Names Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!HOW TO: Reserve Your Own XXX Domain NamesUpdated On 08/06/2018Author : Pradeep KumarTopic : GuidesShort URL : http://hbb.me/1SAMMEi CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogThe Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) finally approved a new top-level domain (TLD) for domain names ending in .xxx.Hereafter URLs ending in .xxx will contain sexually oriented adult entertainment content that is verified to be neither fraudulent nor illegal. We also believe sales of .xxx domains should begin soon in Q2 2011. Here I have mentioned the steps to reserve your own .XXX domain names.Step 1 : Go to ICM Registry and register for a free account if you dont have.Step 2 : After the basic Email Verification process, log into to your account. Now go to Reservation section.You have the right to apply (on behalf of your customers) for domains in .xxx that they already own in .co m, .net or another TLD, such as a country code TLD. This process is called Name Reservation. To do this, provide them with the existing domain(s) that you or your customers own.You may submit as many domains, but only up to 1000 at a time using this form. Names must be entered one domain name per line. Enter ONLY the domain name, NOT in the form of a URL.For Example domain1.com domain2.net domain3.orgPre-Owned and Wish List#Pre-Owned : If you wish to have domain.xxx for your domain.com or some other TLD, then use the Pre-Owned section of ICM registration to reserve .xxx names.READHOW TO: Create An Event On MySpaceExample : If you already own domain.com, use the Pre-owned fields to reserve the name domain.xxx.#Wish List : Use the Wish List fields to request name reservations for domains that you do not already own in other top-level domains.Click Submit to submit the .xxx name reservation requests to ICM Registry.Do you think it will make any difference? Porn will always be porn whet her it is .com or .xxx

Dr. Strangelove And The Cuban Missile Crisis - 1563 Words

Stanley Kubrick’s 1964 film â€Å"Dr. Strangelove or: How I learned to Stop Worry and Love the Bomb† and the Cuban Missile Crisis compare in different ways but also contrast each other in certain ways. The film by Stanley Kubrick was filmed in 1964 and was an older comedy film that almost mocks the Cold War fears of a nuclear conflict between the USSR and the United States. The Cuban Missile Crisis was the confrontation in October of 1962 between the United States and the Soviet Union established as a classic foreign policy crisis. Both the article and the film was all done in the 1960’s with the film being produced just in the middle of the Cuban Missile Crisis that was in the years of 1961-1963. Peoples thoughts today are all over the board on whether or not countries should be allowed to have nuclear weapons and if they can be trusted with them. Information about this all will be included in this paper. For the 1964 film â€Å"Dr. Strangelove or: How I learned to Stop Worry and Love the Bomb† shows a story that has a crazy United States Air Force general who orders all of his army to have a first strike nuclear attack on the Soviet Union going behind the presidents back without getting his approval. The film has two important characters which include the President of the United States and the United States Air Force general. The president has to work with the Russian leader so they can try and recall the bombers to prevent a nuclear disaster caused by the dropping of the atomicShow MoreRelatedEssay about Nuclear Power and the Cold War1094 Words   |  5 Pagesvia Cuban exile actors in Playa Girà ³n failed (Granieri, 2011). After Cuban intelligence agents obtained American information, in addition to warnings from Soviets, the United States faced national humiliation (Granieri, 2011). This sets the precedent for what came only a year later, in October 1962, when a conflict c alled the Cuban Missile Crisis occurred. In order to protect themselves from U.S. invasion, Cubans, with the aid of the Soviet Union, began to build MRBMs and IRBMs bases on Cuban territoryRead MoreDr. Strangelove Notes Essay864 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Dr. Strangelove: Air Force General, Jack D. Ripper, orders his troops to attack a Soviet base. President Muffley brings in the Russian ambassador to the War Room General Turgidson doesn’t trust Ambassador de Sadesky. Thinks he is a spy. Russians have a doomsday device that will destroy the planet if they are attacked. General Turgidson wishes America had a doomsday device. ProQuest Document: On the Cuban Missile Crisis, â€Å"The situation would be even graver if there were any LeMayRead MoreEssay on The Cold War1121 Words   |  5 Pagesfeared the Soviets. Was this fear justified? What caused such intense fear? This is what this paper will explore. 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This film’s full embodiment of the Cold War is seen through its representation of the time period, and the sheer competitivenessRead MoreDr. Strangelove And The Cold War1954 Words   |  8 PagesThe Cold War was a period of several decades of tension and the threat of nuclear conflict between the two remaining superpowers that emerged from WWII, the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The 1964 film Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb, directed by Stanley Kubrick, depicts the overlying themes of the Cold War in a comedic fashion. 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The film is exceedingly loaded with metaphors, innuendos, and allusions that nothing can be left undissected or taken for face value; the resulting effect is understood to be part of Kubrick’s multifarious theme. Kubrick has stated that what began as aRead MoreDr. Strangelove s Argument For The 1964 Film Essay1358 Words   |  6 PagesCharles Maland’s argument for the 19 64 film Dr. Strangelove is that it was one of the most â€Å"fascinating and important American films of the 1960s.† He backs up his argument with evidence of the films rejection of the Ideology of Liberal Consensus, its attack on â€Å"crackpot realism† and critique of life in the 1960s Cold War era, and finally its paradoxical revolution that sets an example for other films to come after. The Ideology of Liberal Consensus according to Maland was explained as the UnitedRead MoreAnalysis Of Dr Strangelove By Stanley Kubrick Essay1800 Words   |  8 PagesDr Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb, which I will be referring to as Strangelove, is a political satire directed by Stanley Kubrick that was released in 1964. The Film displays the absurdity of the Balance of Terror during the cold war and the ease of which a nuclear holocaust could occur, whilst also critiquing the absolute power of politicians whom have the means to enact one. Strangelove communicates these themes with its use of satire utilising comedic characters

Response One to “Criteria of Negro Art” Essay - 717 Words

Response One to â€Å"Criteria of Negro Art† W. E. B. Dubois’s Criteria of Negro art leaves me with mixed feelings. At times I find his arguments compelling, at others bitter, dichotomous, and overly idealistic, yet throughout I find oftentimes found his prose refreshingly clear and at times even beautiful. In addition, the essay seems to have a sense of urgency to achieve a purity of expression, an external form to manifest the internal latent â€Å"Beauty in Black,† an ideal to my mind at least, reminiscent of the ancient Greeks who sought to emulate the metaphysical archetypes of truth, beauty, and goodness. Nevertheless, then as now, art is also business, fraught with financial constraints and racial biases to this day. While Dubois†¦show more content†¦So, while he seems to allow for such aesthetic dichotomy within himself, het appears to demand otherwise from artists of his own ethnic origins. The aforementioned are perhaps his most compelling arguments consist of the fact that, yes, race with its often concurrent circumstances, can and do limit options not only for the artist but art appreciation. Secondly, I think he is right when he relates the ultimate futility of materialism; however, I doubt that African-Americans, by virtue of the past, are any less susceptible to these phenomena than their white counterparts. Indeed, even when the United States elected an African-American President, while a turning point in American history, it didn’t automatically herald a Golden Age of enlightenment. If anything it was an anticlimax; it merely revealed that revealed people are not their skin colors; and that we still have the same issue no matter what race or gender resides in the oval office. Want to change the world? Every marketing company seems to know how, if they say that everyone who is â€Å"with it† has forsaken dial-up for high-speed internet, then sooner or later people will buy into that ethos and spend accordingly. Ditto: a product or service that vendors claim will improve how we or others perceive ourselves as individuals. As recentShow MoreRelatedRace Film : The Great And Only Essay10250 Words   |  41 PagesChapter One Race Films as a Genre in American Cinema â€Å"Most people pronounced his last name ‘Mee-show,’ though some who knew him insist it was ‘Mi-shaw.’ The correct pronunciation of his name is only the beginning of the ambiguities and mysteries associated with Oscar Micheaux† Patrick Mulligan—Oscar Micheaux: The Great and Only: The Life of America s First Black Filmmaker From the very beginning of the early stages in American cinema, African Americans had a presence on the silver screen. TheRead MoreBeloved By Toni Morrison : Politics Associated With The Historical Discourse Of Slavery And African American Culture1795 Words   |  8 Pagesthe hardship that slaves, ex-slaves, and people of African ancestry experienced during that time. Additionally, the words â€Å"lived† and â€Å"died,† reveals a pair of binary opposites, which is a distinguishing factor of racism. The article, â€Å"Color Coded Art Theory† written by cultural scholar Clyde Taylor argues, â€Å"Enlightenment preoccupation with ocularity, observation, classification, and stratification was synthesize within aesthetic reasoning through an assumed correspondence between appearance andRead MoreFactors Affecting the Academic Performance of the Third Year Education Students in Saint Joseph College of Canlaon6031 Words   |  25 Pagesvalues and attitudes toward th eir academic involvement. Definition of Terms Constitutive Definition: †¢ Factors- one that actively contributes to an accomplishments, results, or process †¢ Develop- to bring out the capabilities or possibilities of †¢ Study Habits- manner which you consistently use to study for school or college or even for the next day lesson. †¢ Students- describe as one who directs zeal at a subject. Student is used for anyone who is learning. Operational Definition: †¢ Factors-Read MoreCoco Energy Drink14921 Words   |  60 Pagespracticing healthy eating habits. With the proliferation of diseases previously unheard of and the progression of already identified ones into more life-threatening strains, the adage â€Å"prevention is better than cure† has become a mantra among individuals wishing to preserve the well-being of their bodies. The natural products health industry is a very lucrative one. In 2008, it expanded by 8% to $270B despite the economic downturn that rocked many industries. 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The term Bed and Breakfast first evolved in England, Scotland and Ireland whereas terms such as paradors, pensions, gasthaus, minskukus, shukukos and pousados have been widely used by various Americans and EuropeansRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pages676—dc21 2002074897 v To Donnaree, my wife, and Donnisa, my daughter, the two persons around whom my life revolves; and to the ancestors whose struggles have enabled us to survive and thrive This page intentionally left blank Foreword One of the most useful things about Ennis Edmondss Rastafari: From Outcasts to Culture Bearers is that it correctly traces the connection between the emergence of Rastafarianism and the history of resistance and black consciousness that has been partRead MoreThe Censorship of Art Essay example14698 Words   |  59 PagesThe Censorship of Art While the censorship of art is not a new phenomenon, recent years have witnessed renewed and intensified attempts to control popular culture. 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Most scholars agree that early research had little theoretical coherence and was Read MoreApa Style Lite for College Papers15275 Words   |  62 Pagestables from a journal article or book chapter, single text extracts of fewer than 400 words, or a series of text extracts that total fewer than 800 words without requesting formal permission from APA† (APA, 2009, p. 173). APA Lite meets these fair use criteria. You are welcome to print, link, or distribute APA Style Lite for College Papers for notfor-profit educational purposes. Instructors are encouraged to use the guide in their classrooms. No additional permission is required. APA Lite is revised on

The Death Star Space Station - 1475 Words

he original trilogy begins with the Galactic Empire nearing completion of the Death Star space station, which will allow the Empire to crush the Rebel Alliance, an organized resistance formed to combat Emperor Palpatine s tyranny. Palpatine s Sith apprentice Darth Vader captures Princess Leia, a member of the rebellion who has stolen the plans to the Death Star and hidden them in the astromech droid R2-D2. R2, along with his protocol droid counterpart C-3PO, escapes to the desert planet Tatooine. There, the droids are purchased by farm boy Luke Skywalker and his step-uncle and aunt. While Luke is cleaning R2, he accidentally triggers a message put into the droid by Leia, who asks for assistance from the legendary Jedi Knight Obi-Wan Kenobi. Luke later assists the droids in finding the exiled Jedi, who is now passing as an old hermit under the alias Ben Kenobi. When Luke asks about his father, whom he has never met, Obi-Wan tells him that Anakin Skywalker was a great Jedi who was betr ayed and murdered by Vader.[27] Obi-Wan and Luke hire the smuggler Han Solo and his Wookiee co-pilot Chewbacca to take them to Alderaan, Leia s home world, which they eventually find has been destroyed by the Death Star. Once on board the space station, Luke and Han rescue Leia while Obi-Wan allows himself to be killed during a lightsaber duel with Vader; his sacrifice allows the group to escape with the plans that help the Rebels destroy the Death Star. Luke himself (guided by the power ofShow MoreRelatedThe Science Fiction Tale The Last Question 1399 Words   |  6 Pagesthese surrogates are pure energy beings that can effortlessly roam the distant reaches of space, past exploding stars, colliding galaxies, and other wonders of the universe. 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Effect of Washington Consensus Upon Emerging Market free essay sample

Washington Consensus implemented by emerging markets refers to economic policies created by John Williamson (Hooper, 2002; Rodrik, 2006). It is based on financial liberalization theory of McKinnon and Shaw, which emphasis on freeing financial markets from government intervention. Financial liberalization theory assumed perfect financial markets with perfect information, perfect competition and depends on institution-free analysis (Demetriades, 1999). These assumptions are irrelevant in the sense that market, as a whole is imperfect. Despite these deficiencies, emerging countries agree to implement Washington Consensus requested by International Monetary Policy (IMF) and World Bank as part of their loan contracts. According to Washington Consensus, emerging economies facing similar problems with developed markets should be treated with the same tools. Washington Consensus aims to encourage privatization with high level of economic openness. There are many criticisms regarding the policies content of Washington Consensus. Some critics argue that the policies are not being devised in a sequentially correct manner and did not consider emerging markets’ development stage (Hooper, 2002). There are several impacts of the implementation of Washington Consensus upon the emerging capital markets namely worsen economic growth and increase stock market’s volatility. Implementation of the Washington Consensus through financial liberalization has affected economic growth of emerging capital markets. Financial liberalization is developed in the objective of improving economic growth by encouraging saving, investment and capital productivity. Before financial liberalization is introduced, many developing countries encounter financial repression, which is the process where government intervenes in the economy (Demetriades, 1999). In 1960s and 1970s, government intervention was needed to control pegged exchange rates under Bretton-Wood regime. Government controlled the markets by allocating high reserve requirement, interest rates ceiling, and controlling capital, credit as well as exchange rate. These interventions led to disequilibrium in interest rate, for example, interest rates were below equilibrium level (Hooper, 2002). In order to curb the problem, financial liberalization is introduced, for instance, by setting higher interest rates. High interest rates were aimed to encourage savings, which will attract investment through borrowing and thus improved economic growth. Unfortunately, financial liberalization did not result in greater savings instead high interest rate can destroy reformation in real sector (Hooper, 2002). In addition, financial liberalization exacerbates economic growth in the sense that ratio of reserves to foreign denominated short-term indebtedness had declined substantially (Stiglitz, 2000). Washington Consensus suggests emerging capital markets to deregulate their economies in order to achieve economic growth. However, lack of comprehensive regulation has led to Asian Financial Crisis in 1997. Moreover, dampen economic growth during Asian Financial Crisis came from maturity and currency mismatch. For example, long-term investment in local currency financed short-term liabilities in dollars. Besides, Washington Consensus did not emphasis on capital flow structure in liberalizing capital flows. Many emerging capital markets destabilized due to high level of capital flows. In Latin America (1980), economic crisis was a result of cash flow structuring problem with the increase in portfolio equity to replace portfolio debt. Asian Financial Crisis 1997 has been deteriorated due to regular flows of money between financial markets. This term hot money will flow from countries with low return to countries with the highest interest rates as banks attempt to get highest return as possible. These flows can affect balance of payments if exchange rates in the total is high (Hooper, 2002). Thus, Washington Consensus worsens economic growth of emerging capital markets. Volatility of stock markets is also affected by the implementation of Washington Consensus. Financial liberalization lead emerging capital markets to more volatility. This is because financial liberalization encourages deregulation, and liquidity, which are the components enhancing volatility. It also goes for taxation as lower taxes lead to volatility. Since liberalize markets usually have lower market concentration, volatility will also increase (Hooper, 1998). Moreover, increasing portfolio equity flows increasing volatility of stock markets (Hooper, 2002). These situations reduce the attractiveness of investing in emerging stock markets (Stiglitz, 2000). Besides, stock markets’ volatility will be exasperated when there is no sufficient accounting disclosure since investors are not able to make informed judgment about the firm. However, financial liberalization did not improve accounting disclosure and structure of governance (Hooper, 2002). There is negative relationship between quality of accounting system and volatility of stock market. Poor accounting system lead to higher market volatility. Moreover, Washington Consensus policy of deregulation has also intensified volatility of stock market (Hooper, 1998; Hooper, 1998). In addition, financial liberalization increased volatility of stock markets with changes in outside country. Since, emerging markets seemed risky, investors are discouraged to invest in the markets. Thus, results in large capital outflows (Stiqlitz, 2000). However, in the long run, volatility of emerging stock markets is improving as they liberalize. International investors find investing in emerging markets are profitable since their risk-return of overall portfolio improved. Investing in emerging stock market lead to diversification of risk, as there is low correlation with other markets (Hooper, 1998). Despite that, implementation of Washington Consensus in emerging capital markets lead to volatile stock market especially in the short-term cycle. There are several ways for IMF and World Bank to conduct policy in developing countries. One of the ways is IMF and World Bank have to make sure that Washington Consensus policies are implemented in correct sequencing manner (Hooper, 2002). For example, financial sector should be reformed after regulatory and bank supervision are restructured and after real sector has been reformed. IMF and World Bank should also encourage developing countries to review and comprehend their regulation system since deregulation can harm economic growth (Hopper, 2002). Furthermore, fortifying securities and accounting regulation help reduce volatility (Hooper, 1998) by implementing framework and policies like fiscal policy, which represent the countries stock markets’ volatility. Besides, IMF and World Bank should bequest emerging countries to be more transparent in accounting disclosure and adopt good governance structure. For example, companies with poor governance are required to pay high return to investors. To reduce the premium, corporation should lessen information asymmetry by increasing accounting disclosure. Thus, cost of equity is lowered since investors are more aware about the firms’ cash flow. Moreover, accounting disclosure overcomes capital flows problem while clear securities framework helps lower volatility. Accounting disclosure should improve so that firms are abled to be monitored and controlled by government (Hooper, 2002). In addition, higher interest rates in emerging capital markets leads to adverse selection and moral hazard problem. Adverse selection normally occurs when interest rates are high as borrowers invest in extremely risky investment without lenders’ knowledge. While moral hazard arises when borrowers invest in projects they had not agreed to. This can lead to increase in cost of borrowing for other borrowers. Thus, encouraging accounting disclosure helps to reduce adverse selection and moral hazard. For example, Thailand and South-East Asian faced moral hazard due to deficient accounting disclosure and comprehensive regulation (Hooper, 2002). Besides, transparent information helps heal economic growth through effective resource allocation (Stiglitz, 2000). IMF and World Bank should also emphasis on binding constraints on economic growth by finding ways to correct the constraints. It is important for an economy to use the appropriate tools in reducing the constraints. For instance, reforming financial intermediaries will not improve investment with poor property rights. Thus, binding constraints have to be evaluated (Stiglitz, 1998). In conclusion, implementing Washington Consensus in emerging capital markets is not efficient. It deteriorated economic growth of many developing countries; for instance, East Asian and Latin America were in bad financial crisis. Moreover, the liberalization process also affects stock market of emerging countries by exacerbating stock markets’ volatility. Thus, International Monetary Fund and World Bank have to play their role by setting up efficient policies in order to curb problems arise from the implementation of Washington Consensus as well as improving the economy of emerging countries. REFERENCE LISTS * Demetriades, P 1999, ‘Financial liberalization: the experience of developing countries’, Eastern Economic Journal, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 441-457. Hooper, V 1998, ‘Volatility and openness of emerging stock markets: some empirical evidence’, Emerging Capital Markets: Financial and Investment Issues, pp. 35-45. * Hooper, V 2002, ‘The Washington Consensus and Emerging Economies’, pp. 1-14. * Rodrik, D 2006, ‘Goodbye Washington Consensus, hello Washington Confusion’, pp. 1-28. * Stiglitz, J 1998, ‘More instruments and broader goals: moving toward the Post–Washington Consensus’, pp. 1-46. * Stiglitz, JE 2000, ‘Capital market liberalization, economic growth, and instability’, World Development, vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 1075-1086.

Reading Habits free essay sample

It is no understatement to say that I read whenever and wherever I can. Reading is my absolute favorite activity, bar none. I read everything I can get my hands on; books, essays, newspapers and magazines. Every night, before going to sleep, I will read as much as I can before drifting off. I devour books, going through 2 or 3 a week. Over time, I have progressed from slivers of texts to weighty tomes of exposition. I can give thanks to a single person for many of my reading habits, and that person is my father. In a effort to encourage reading, John Fitzpatrick told his four children many years ago that there was a unlimited budget for books. I asked for this statement in writing and immediately set forth to enjoying this privilege to an extreme. When I was eight years old, I read story books about spaceships and dragons, and heroics where the good guys always win and evil is always vanquished. We will write a custom essay sample on Reading Habits or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Slowly, as my adolescent mind developed, I started to read things that were more complex and intellectually challenging. Following the stories of J.R.R. Tolkien and Robert Louis Stevenson, I started reading books such as To Kill a Mockingbird, The Outsiders and The Portrait of Dorian Grey. By freshman year, I was reading books by Herman Hesse, Nobokov and Dostoevsky. Each book expanded my horizons and introduced new questions to my mind. My father learned the unintended consequence of his policy as it applied to a prolific reader: an unlimited financial liability. He attempted several times to renegotiate the terms of our agreement but gained only one concession: limiting the number of books that could be purchased at a single time (solution: more trips to the book store). I continued to read voraciously, adding newspapers and magazines to my love of fiction. Each story taught me something. Every story challenged my thinking in large and small ways. One book has been particularly instrumental toward shaping my thinking: George Orwell’s masterpiece, Nineteen Eighty-Four. This small book influenced my thinking on topics such as freedom and control. The aspect of the book that I would like to focus on is the concept of â€Å"Newspeak.† Newspeak is the constructed language that Big Brother creates. It is related to English, but is a reductionist language. The language seeks to eliminate all synonyms and antonyms. All words with a negative meaning or connotation were eliminated. Instead of having the word â€Å"bad†, in it’s place was the Newspeak word â€Å"ungood.† Words with a superlative meaning such as â€Å"excellent† or â€Å"superb† were all replaced by the Newspeak word â€Å"doubleplusgood.† The purpose of the language is to extend control over the people who speak and think in it. Newspeak is meant to make rebellion and â€Å"thoughtcrime† impossible by removing all words that express such concepts. The stated end goal of this language is to make the only thought that Big Brother’s subjects can think is â€Å"yes†. So how has this concept of a constructed language influenced my thinking? I became more aware and sensitive to the power of language. Some governments have the ability to censor books and news to remove anything or anyone that challenges goals or ideals. The censorship of language is even more ominous because this removes the ability to verbalize ideas or question discrepancies between words and actions. Simply, if words do not exist, feelings and concepts cannot be conveyed between people and within societies. Knowing this, it is interesting to note that a 2011 edition of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn has just been published by NewSouth Books, replacing the word n***** with slave and eliminates the term Injun. The 216 uses of the word â€Å"n*****† and â€Å"injun† were replaced with the â€Å"politically correct† word â€Å"slave.† Critics of the NewSouth Books edition question the removal of the actual words that the author wrote. Storytelling is not random, each word has a place and a specific purpose in a piece. I do not believe that Mark Twain would have agreed to remove the words which conveyed the cultural and historical context of his storytelling. Mark Twain was satirizing the racism that was endemic within his society. As evidence, a quote by Twain provides insight into his thinking on this very matter: â€Å"The difference between the right word and the almost right word is the difference between lightning and a lightning bug.† In chapter three of Nineteen Eighty-Four Orwell writes if all records told the same tale—then the lie passed into history and became truth. He further writes, Day by day and almost minute by minute the past was brought up to date.† Orwell continued by saying, nor was any item of newswhich conflicted with the needs of the moment, ever allowed to remain on record. The sanitizing of a now historical novel to meet the political needs of the moment robs the story of its essential truth about the racism rampant in 1884 Southern society. I hope this essay gives you an insight into my reading habits and highlights a novel that continues to be relevant today, not just to me, but to society as a whole.

Importance of Project Methodology

Importance of Project Methodology The significance and complexity of business operations require a comprehensive project methodology that incorporates various aspects relating to the organization and management of units such as subcontractors and customer personnel, and synchronization of tools such as software and various business services.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Importance of Project Methodology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More An effective project methodology offers various strategic, technical and operation benefits, which ensures minimal risks relating to the delivery of a project. Concerning the strategic benefits, an appropriate project methodology promotes confidence among customers and the management so that tasks become convenient and team members can deliver on time. In this regard, an organization embarks on early assessment of risks and challenges associated with a project and develop realistic strategies to overcome the hurdles . The technical benefits of a project methodology include facilitating the evaluation of projects’ validity by off-site managers who undertake status assessment and embark on early measures to correct problems. Organizations that employ a proper project methodology enjoy operational benefits that are crucial to the empowerment of teams involved in a project. To realize cost-effective projects that are within schedules, an organization requires an environment that encourages teams to perform tasks appropriately and within a short time. In this regard, the organization can deliver projects on time and thus boost its efforts in promoting confidence and loyalty among customers. Although both Total Quality Management (TQM) and Six Sigma have undergone rigorous tests as tools for enhancing the quality of products and services in an organization, Six Sigma offers an all-encompassing approach that ensures an organization enjoys most of the benefits of TQM. The quality of programs in an IT department depends on the quality of leadership, focus on customers, deployment strategies, integration of infrastructure and the level of education and training. In this regard, adopting the Six Sigma approach would ensure that an organization realizes its strategic goals and plans.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Improvement of programs in an IT department requires a leadership style that minimizes organizational hierarchy and eliminates barriers that might hamper experimentation and innovation. Innovative employees are essential for the success of business entities in the informationtechnology industry. Also, effective leaders facilitate proper integration of infrastructure, which allows a proper progress of projects. Customer-oriented approaches create the feeling that customers are a valued part of an organization and thus enhance customer loyalty. Loyal customers play a significant role in promoting an organization through personal marketing and contribute to quality improvement undertakings. Strategic deployment of resources within an IT department ensures proper synchronization of tools and personnel and facilitates the realization of performance goals. The Six Sigma tool defines a disciplined framework that creates an accommodating environment in terms of internal communication. The process of quality improvement requires collective efforts within a department, which largely relies on effective internal communication. In this regard, individuals in various capacities within an IT department can share and work towards a common goal. Another significant aspect of Six Sigma is the focus on education and training, which are fundamental factors concerning workers’ performance. Quality improvement programs require committed employs, who can utilize various tools to understand and solve problems in a department. In this regard, Six Sigma provides approaches that offer practical solutions to problems by encouraging a top-to-down training of personnel. Adopting the Six Sigma tool would provide an IT department with an excellent approach to quality improvement programs and the realization of organizational goals.

Case analysis on PepsiCo's Diversification Strategy in 2008 Essay

Case analysis on PepsiCo's Diversification Strategy in 2008 - Essay Example Nevertheless, the challenge for PepsiCo is on how to improve its share of the international market, and how it would improve its sales in beverages and food commodities through appropriate market strategies. Recommendations Recommendation 1: Create an online retail market. This retail market can make their markets more accessible to the consumers, regardless of the consumers’ location. Tie-ups with local stores in the major cities and local stores can help direct the consumers towards areas where they can access the products they want. Recommendation 2: Increase accessibility of goods by increasing the number of products in the local stores and shops. More local stores must have their supply of PepsiCo products, from the beverages to their food items. Such goods must reach as many stores in both the cities and the rural areas in as many countries as possible. The company can provide online link-ups to these stores – to give local consumers the opportunity to access thes e goods through the internet and have them delivered to their homes or be picked up in the stores. Recommendation 3 Take out advertisements and commercials to run in the TV, newspapers, and similar media using the local talents or familiar celebrities in these countries. These advertisements can also run in magazines and in shopping areas, using these familiar and local celebrities. Promotional tours for these celebrities can also be used to assist in establishing the popularity and patronage of the products. Tie-ups with local activities in these countries can also be carried out. Significant factor list: 1. Its rival company Coca-Cola has created a formidable international market with a firm footing on many developing nations. 2. Its Quaker Oats products are not popular brands and products outside the United States. 3. Its recent acquisitions like Quaker Oats and Frito Lay Brands have not been popular brands outside the United States. Product lines like Fritos Corn Chips, Captain Crunch Cereal, and Cracker Jack popcorn, among others are not popular and strong products outside the United States. For the most part, these products are expensive purchases for other states, especially the developing nations. 4. The international crisis has affected sales for most major corporations operating in the local and in the international market. 5. Some of the local stores in countries outside the United States do not carry the PepsiCo and Quaker Oats products. 6. PepsiCo has not reached the local and cultural level of consumer appeal. It lacks a connection with the local people and such disconnect makes it more difficult for the company to be more appealable to the local consumers. 7. Environmental concerns on water consumption have been raised and have called for the company’s participation in conservation efforts. This implies higher production costs for the corporation. Justification of each recommendation Justification for Recommendation 1 Almost everything an d everyone these days is online. PepsiCo must take advantage of this new medium in order to ensure that its products would reach the most number of people in the international market. The internet is one of the most convenient, innovative, and time-saving technologies available today. It is a medium which allows users

SARBANES-OXLEY ACT 2002 IN MY OWN OPINION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

SARBANES-OXLEY ACT 2002 IN MY OWN OPINION - Essay Example The solution that was implemented is known as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX). The Sarbanes-Oxley is a piece of legislation that changed the business world forever. The Act was created in order to raise investor confidence in the marketplace. One of the major problems the markets were facing was that greedy corporate officials were taken advantage of their position in order to make themselves rich at the expense of the shareholders and other stakeholders of the company. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act fixed the problem by making the CEO and top officials liable in cases of fraud. The section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act mandates that senior management certify the accuracy of the financial reports (Answers, 2010). If there is fraud present in the financial statement of a company the top executive of the firm faces fines of up to $25 million and prison terms of up to 20 years. Another problem that existed prior to the creation of SOX was the possibility of collusion between the external auditors and the executive managerial staff. In the Enron case the auditors knew about the fraud, but decided to stay quiet due to economic interest. SOX changed the rules of the game with the creation of the independent auditor report. An auditing firm of a public corporation cannot have any other accounting contracts with the firm they are auditing. SOX also helped prevent fraud because it implemented new internal control protocols that help prevent fraudulent activity. Section 404 of SOX requires that each annual report of a public company contain an internal control report. The internal control reports have to include the following two things: a) A statement of management’s responsibility for the establishment of an adequate internal control structure for financial reporting; b) assessment of the effectiveness of the internal control structure at the conclusion of the latest fiscal year (Sec,

Promotion of Effective Communication †Workbook Essay Example for Free

Promotion of Effective Communication – Workbook Essay Question  1 Look at your company’s policies and procedures on completing records and maintaining effective communication, what is your role? Answer: I browsed and read my organisation’s policy regarding the service user’s rights and those legislations which promotes equality, diversity, and discrimination. a. Each service user has a right to information regarding their care service that does not discriminate on the basis of race or ethnic origin, creed, colour, religion, political affiliation, disability or impairments, marital status, parenthood, sexual gender or sexual orientation. b. Each service user has the right of access to their personal care records and to comment on them accordingly. Service users have the right to appoint an advocate to make their wishes and preferences known if they are unable to do so. c. Each service user has the right to be assured that no personal or confidential information concerning their affairs will be disclosed to a third party without their express permission. d. Each service user has the right to communicate using their preferred methods of communication and language. When completing records and reports look through your staff hand book or induction pack you were given at work and explain any rules and regulations or policies you need to follow when completing records and reports at work some of which might include: †¢ Records should be completed as soon as possible after the event †¢ Details should be accurate †¢ Details should be relevant †¢ Details should be legible †¢ Details should clearly indicate if it is a fact, opinion or hearsay. Opinions are acceptable as long as it is clearly stated as such. †¢ Always record as little as possible but detailed and as much as necessary. 2, 3, 10, 11 Describe ways that you provide support to individuals to communicate their needs. How might your communication alter with different individuals ? What aids might be used to support effective communication ? Answer: To support individuals and key people to communicate their needs you will need to: a. Arrange the individual’s environment to facilitate effective communication and promote understanding. This can be done by ensuring privacy going into a quiet room, if the area is noisy because of the volume of a radio or television it needs to be reduced. Poor lighting in the room needs to be changed and some more that you can think of. b. As a care worker you need to check that the individual have the appropriate support to communicate their views. This could be making sure the individual who uses glasses and an hearing aid is supported by making sure the glasses is at client’s reach or that hearing aids is switched on and working properly. c. Appropriate styles and methods of communication should be used with respect to the individual. Such as: Active listening – showing be gestures that you are listening, sitting or standing half turned away gives the message that you are not listening. Responding appropriately – nodding your head.  Good body language and maintaining eye contact – Leaning forwards can be used effectively when you want to emphasize your interest or support. The methods that can be used to communicate effectively are: a. Support equality and diversity †¢ This can be done by using appropriate language that the service user understands also using the appropriate register of language, for instance not using phrases that could be referred to as jargon. Another method is to use the appropriate way of speaking within a speech community. For instance communicating with young people may mean using their style of language e.g. whats up with you, hello mate. †¢ Provision of communication aids and use of non-verbal communication if service user has hearing or vision impairments or learning and physical disabilities. b. Are effective when dealing with, and challenging discrimination †¢ Working with key people demands that you communicate in a language that they understand and also using simple words. For example the use of clinical words that is not commonly understood would not be necessary if you know they are not familiar with them. †¢ Sometimes we come across people who cannot understand us for one reason or the other instead of ignoring them it would be helpful to source a skilled interpreter but we still need to make effort to communicate with the person by learning some of the ways of communication or a few useful words from their language. The methods to support individuals to communicate are: Ensure environment is suitable (lighting, noise background) Provide interpreter if necessaryAllow sufficient time for individuals to understand the content of communication. Use relevant aids for communication (e.g. cards, symbols, hearing aids, large print) Provide advocate to speak for a service user Ensure written material is in suitable formats or language. Specific aids that may be used to support effective communication : Aided communication is communication supported or replaced by materials or equipment. There are simple materials or equipment used everyday such as a pen and paper to write messages, alphabet charts, pictures or symbols or photographs. Communication aids can be categorized into 3 broad groups: Symbolic Aids This is commonly the use of signs and symbols, it requires individuals to undertake a form of training on the correct forming of signs used and types of symbols: †¢ British Sign Language used as a communication aid for individual with hearing loss. †¢ Makaton used as an aid to support speech and not intended to replace it. †¢ Picture Exchange communication systems (PEC) This aid helps individuals to be independent as they able to exchange a picture for what they want from a compiled album of pictures. †¢ Deaf Blind manual alphabets Slightly modified version of the BSL. Finger- spelling alphabet is used. Technical Aids †¢ Talking microwaves usually for individuals with sight loss †¢ Computers which read out the text on the screen. †¢ Light writer this is a portable device into which the individual types in what they would want to say. Human Aids †¢ Interpreter is a person who supports the communication between two people who do not have the same language. This also includes the sign language. †¢ Translator is a person who changes the written word into an easier format for the individual to read. This could be into Braille or symbols. †¢ Advocate This is someone who speaks on behalf of an individual when they are not able to do so. 4, 5, 19 In relation to the promotion of effective communication, give examples of what you do to maintain the following laws and guidelines: a) Data Protection Act b) Access to Health Records Act c) The General Social Care Council Code of Conduct d) Standard 37 National Minimum Standards for Care Homes e) Caldicott Report Answer: a) To maintain Data Protection Act it is necessary to complete the records as soon as possible after the event and always record as little as possible but detailed and as much as necessary; to make sure that the details are accurate, relevant and legible and that they clearly indicate if it’s a fact, opinion or hearsay. Another important thing is that opinions are acceptable as long as it is clearly stated as such. The information shared by the individuals must be confidential to ensure data protection. In case that the information suggests that the client is under risk, the consent of the individual needs to be obtained before passing the information to an appropriate member of the staff, and even when the consent is not given it becomes important to report. b) To maintain the Access to Health Records Act I have to make sure that the records are accurate, legibly written, shareable so that the information can be used to provide individuals with the support and care required. The  members of a care team are fully informed of new developments and changes in a client’s care plan and the evidence of the actions taken in specific circumstances are available if the need arises. I can access information and records about an individual by: talking to the service user, accessing previous records after permission has been sought from the appropriate person, talking to colleagues who know the individual, to family members or to other professionals c) To maintain The General Social Care Council Code of Conduct, as a social care worker, I must establish and ensure the confidence of service users and carers. This includes: communicating in an appropriate, open, accurate and straightforward way; respecting confidential information and clearly explaining agency policies about confidentiality to service users and carers. I must be accountable for the quality of my work, I have to maintain clear and accurate records required by procedures established for my work. 6,7 Where can you find out about an individuals communication and language needs, information about communication and language skills to improve your practice ? Answer: I can find out about an individuals communication and language needs by asking my manager or the service user, discussing with other care workers who know the individual, talking to family members, to a speech therapist or other professionals for advice, exploring the internet or consulting a library for more information. In order to improve my practice, I can find out about information, communication and language skills by asking my supervisor or manager, or colleagues who have confronted with similar cases. I can also consult the case notes of the individual, or relevant documents provided by the organization that will help me learn how to communicate effectively – for example the induction manuals, search for information via the internet or specialist organizations for the particular condition, attend relevant training courses to communication, supervision and appraisal sessions. 9  What factors may affect communication skills, abilities and behaviour of an individual ? How may they react as a result of these factors? Answer: Factors that can affect communication skills, abilities and behaviour of an individual are: Physical Impairments visual and hearing Language barriers accents, different language Cognitive or sensory impairments learning difficulties, memory loss, Illness – dementia, stroke Environmental problems – poor lighting, noisy environments If this happens, the individual in question becomes withdrawn from others around them, isolated from others. This may affect his self-esteem and self-confidence negatively. That individual may also become confused, angry and frustrated. 12  If you were trying to have a conversation with an individual how would you arrange the environment and position yourself to communicate effectively? Answer: First of all, I have to make sure that there isn’t any background noise that could make the communication difficult. Then, another important step to achieve effective communication with individuals is arranging the environment to aid communication. Here are some factors that can hinder or disturb good communication: Poor lighting, because individuals with poor sight are unable to see you Background noise from the radio, other individuals, TV and so on Obstacles between me, the care worker, and the individual, for example furniture and household items Insufficient distance to keep appropriate space within me and the individual to avoid encroaching or invading on their personal space 13, 14  Describe some conflicts that might occur as a result of communication difficulties. How would you deal with these conflicts? Answer: Some of the conflicts that might occur as a result of communication difficulties are: individuals can become frustrated and isolated when the  communication between themselves and their workers is encountering problems. These problems or dilemmas are sometimes the result of: a difference in the language spoken by the service user and the worker the service user has visual impairments or hearing difficulties the individual might have a physical illness or disability either physical disability or learning disability. There are many ways to solve the conflicts that might occur. It depends on the nature of the problem. For example, for: †¢ Language differences: If there are conflicts due to language differences, then an interpreter will be appropriate for any serious discussions or communications. Efforts should be made to learn a few important words to communicate with the individual or teach the individual some words in the workers language if they are willing to facilitate communication. Non verbal communication will be an effective method in solving this kind of conflict. †¢ Hearing difficulties: Individual with hearing difficulties need to be assisted to ensure their hearing aids are working and fitted properly. It would be necessary that a worker will assist the individual to clean the equipment, change the batteries when appropriate. Workers will also need to give the client the appropriate space and communication pace that would make communication effective. If the need arises words can be written down for clarity. The use of signs and telecommunication services such as type talk service are very useful. †¢ Visual difficulties: Individual with visual difficulties need to be provided with glasses or contact lenses so they can observe non verbal communication. This will prevent misunderstandings during communication with people. †¢ Physical disabilities: Communications with individuals in this category will be according to the type of physical disability or illness. If the illness has affected the individual’s ability to speak and understand, for instance a stroke then the use of short, simple sentences, gestures, writing and drawing or using flash cards, the use of closed questions which only need yes or no should be useful. †¢ Some illness do not affect the clients understanding, so there is no need to speak slowly but will need to be patient to receive a response as the client might have difficulty with their speech e.g. stroke. †¢ Learning disabilities: The method of communication will depend on the level of the disability. I will need to communicate at the pace and space suitable for the client. Physical contacts are of an advantage to be used along with  verbal communication. †¢ Cultural differences: People have different cultural backgrounds, therefore it is necessary to find out from the individuals their communication preferences or alternatively check their care plan records or ask people such as their family, f riends, colleagues or key people who have worked with them. 15, 16  When communicating difficult, sensitive or complex messages, how might your style of communication alter? What type of environment would be most appropriate for this sort of communication ? Answer: Communicating with individuals who are distressed or upset due to bereavement this could be sensitive, complex or difficult. In this situation, I will ask if the person would want to discuss any concerns with me or maybe another person of their choice. I can use non verbal communication while been a good listener such as making good eye contact with the individual as she talks, which will depict that I’m willing to listen. If the client is displaying a behaviour that dictates that they are able to put others or themselves at risk, then I might need to involve the attention of appropriate members of the care team. For this sort of communication, the environment must be comfortable and appropriate. I would come across times when I need to discuss matters with individuals that are referred to as sensitive issues. If an individual needs to discuss his personal needs with me, I have to ensure that he feels comfortable and encouraged to communicate these issues. On the other hand, I might want to discuss with the service user about their changing needs such as diet, incontinence, mobility and so on. Communicating bad news, like a bereavement of a spouse or close person to the individual will also require certain communication skills. The things that should take into account are: †¢ Remember individuals have a right to their privacy, therefore the immediate environment should be arranged to ensure privacy. For example a client’s bedroom or apartament should be free from visitors at the time. †¢ Individual’s preferred method of communication should be made available. †¢ Communication should be made at the pace of the individual, giving enough time for both of us to understand the content of the communication. †¢ Observe and respond appropriately to reactions fromà ‚  individuals. 17  Who do you need to gain permission from to access records and why ? Answer: I need to gain permission of my manager or client to access records. Accessing information will help me to improve my practice and also my responsibility. Within the organization there should be relevant documents to access information or if I work with individuals in their own home the care plan should contain useful information. 18  Define the following words: a) Fact b) Opinion c) Judgement Why is it important that you aware of the difference of these words when reporting and recording information about individuals ? Answer: a) A fact is a true statement that cannot be disputed, knowledge or information based on real occurrences; something demonstrated to exist or known to have existed. b) An opinion is a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty- it is the result of emotion or interpretation of facts, a subjective statement or thought about an issue or topic. An opinion may be supported by an argument, although people may draw opposing opinions from the same set of facts. c) A judgement is a cognitive process of reaching a decision or drawing conclusions. Judgments are also personal and developed from experience; they differ from person to person. For example, if a client is dying and all the symptoms and signs show the evidence, reports and records should show these facts. On the other hand if the client only refused to talk, people might have different opinions and judgments to explain the reason. Records and reports will need to be verified to deduce the correct and most suitable reason. It is important to aware of the difference of these words when reporting and recording information about individuals because I have the responsabiliy to provide seamless services for individuals, and this thing can be done only if the  information is correct, precise.

Native Son Essay: The Tragedy -- Native Son Essays

Native Son: The Tragedy  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Richard Wright's Native Son a very moving novel. Perhaps this is largely due to Wright's skillful merging of his narrative voice with Bigger's which allows the reader to feel he is also inside Bigger's skin. There is no question that Bigger is a tragic figure, even an archetypical one, as he represents the African American experience of oppression in America. Wright states in the introduction, however, that there are Biggers among every oppressed people throughout the world, arguing that many of the rapidly changing and uncertain conditions of the modern world, a modern world largely founded on imperialism and exploitation, have created people like Bigger, restless and adrift, searching for a place for themselves in a world that, for them, has lost many of its cultural and spiritual centers. Because Wright chose to deal with the experience he knew best, Native Son is an exploration of how the pressure and racism of the American cultural environment affects black peop le, their feelings, thoughts, self-images, in fact, their entire lives, for one learns from Native Son that oppression permeates every aspect of life for both the oppressed and oppressor, though for one it is more overt than the other. Though this paper deals with Bigger's character and how the last scene of the novel reflects an evolution and realization in his character in terms of Arthur Miller's definition of tragedy, the issue of mass oppression of one people by another embodies the dimensions of a larger tragedy that is painfully embedded within human history.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Many of Native Son's earlier scenes serve Wright's purposes in showing how America's white rascism affects Bigger's behavior, his thinking and... ...rd Wright's Art of Tragedy. Iowa City: U of Iowa Press, 1986. Kinnamon, Keneth and Michel Fabre, eds. Conversations with Richard Wright. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 1993. Kinnamon, Keneth. The Emergence of Richard Wright: A Study Literature and Society. Urbana: U of Illinois P, 1973. Kinnamon, Keneth, ed. New Essays on Native Son. New York: Cambridge UP, 1990. Macksey, Richard and Frank E. Moorer, eds. Richard Wright: A Collection of Critical Essays. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1984. Margolies, Edward. The Art of Richard Wright. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1969. Miller, Eugene E. Voice of a Native Son: The Poetics of Richard Wright. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 1990. Rampersad, Arnold, ed. Richard Wright: A Collection of Critical Essays. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1995.      

Goblin Shark

Maggie Payne Per. 3 10/16/12 Final Draft Most people probably think that sharks appeared around the same time as dinosaurs. But in fact they were alive about 132 million years before the dinosaurs. Even though sharks are older than humans, we still know very little about them. The things we do know are their structure, most species’ habitats, and what sharks are used for by humans. The Goblin shark is slightly different from other species such as the Great White shark or the Hammerhead shark. But all sharks have an odd skeleton, it’s odd because it’s made up of cartilage and it’s very flexible.Sharks also have slightly different organs from that of a human. For example, their stomach is very long, it stretches from the middle of their pectoral fin to the bottom of their belly. They also have spiral shaped intestines, a large liver, and a small heart located between the front of their pectoral fin and mouth, bellow the gills. They also have small spikes coa ting their skin called denticles. Sharks have the same five senses as humans do plus one extra sense. Shark’s have very small holes around their head called â€Å"ampullae of Lorenzini†.These give sharks the ability to sense small electrical currents given off by other animals within one meter. Most sharks use this as an advantage while hunting while others don’t need to. For example, they will use it while hunting for fish hidden in the sand on the sea floor. Sharks are used for many things, which is causing them to become endangered. Their flesh is used for all sorts of food including, shark fin soup, fish and chips, smoked shark, canned shark and shark fish cakes, dog food, and sashimi.Most of them are caught off of Honshu, a main island of Japan, causing the various Japanese dishes. Sharks are also used for various medical reasons like cornea transplants. Heart disease medicine is made with chemicals extracted from shark blood, there are even shark oil table ts. Burnt angel shark skin was once used to treat skin disease, and cartilage is used to treat burns. Sharks are often still hunted for their skin which is used for many things. For example, polished shark skin is used for purses, shoes, and to cover books and science tools.Shark skin was also used unpolished and with the denticles still on them, this is called Shagreen, which was used for non-stick grips and sword hilts. Also, shark teeth are often found and used to make jewelry such as necklaces. Although these things are good for humans, they are very bad for sharks because, they are becoming endangered. It’s bad because, if sharks went extinct, we would have a lot of big fish and seals to worry about because, they would be eating penguins and other birds that dwell near water and they might even eventually become a danger for humans.Sadly, the goblin shark is probably one of the sharks that gets caught and eaten. This would be an odd sight too. Why? Well, the goblin shark has very flabby skin that is bubble gum pink with a blue tint on their fins. When they die, they turn from that pink color to brown. They are generally about three to ten feet long but can grow up to thirteen feet long. They have an elongated snout which protrudes out of its forehead. It also has a long tail which looks similar to a frilled shark’s tail.The goblin sharks jaw can extend out of their skull to the full length of their snout. Because of this, the prey rarely gets away, another advantage that the goblin shark has on its prey is how its teeth are shaped. The teeth are long, dagger like, and smooth edged like, those of a Sandtiger shark. But the goblin sharks back teeth are flattened for crushing things like shells. The teeth are probably like this because they feed on fish, cephalopods, and crustaceans such as crabs. They most likely feed on all these different things because of their habitat.They are scattered around the world and are found in the eastern and wes tern Atlantic, specifically near French Guiana, the Bay of Biscay, Madeira, Portugal, and South Africa. In the western Indian ocean near South Africa, and in the western Pacific, near Japan and Australia. They live about 40-280 meters below sea level which is near the bottom of the mesopelagic region of the ocean. They are at this depth because; they like to be near the outer shelf and upper slope area of the ocean. Most species of sharks like to be near, if not in, coral reefs like the Sandtiger shark.While others like to be in really deep water, like the Goblin shark. Even though they like different depths of the ocean the Goblin and Sandtiger shark are very similar and from the same family, but the Goblin shark evolved before the Sandtiger shark. Despite how much we know about sharks, and how many species we have found, we actually know very little. We have actually only discovered about 400 species, most of which we know very little about. For example, we are still trying to und erstand and learn more about the great white sharks and they are one of the most well known species.We are still trying to learn more about them because; there is a time in the year when they disappear for a short while. Scientists have guessed that it’s when they retreat to their breeding grounds. Humans even know a lot less about the goblin shark than the great white shark which means we have a lot to learn. Especially since there are also a lot of different species of other sea life we haven’t discovered and we might not for a long while because we are unable to get to the bottom of the deepest trenches and have enough time to thoroughly search them.

Sex Scene On Film History - 1699 Words

â€Å"Real SEX† step in beyond or correcting a mistake? The story of Unstimulated sexual scene on film history Javaad Tare L4 Film production History and Culture 2500 word January 2017 Abstract Those are probably the questions or wonderings that surrounds almost ever teen s day life, and also at least 90% people outside the Movie Business and Industry who just watch Movies.(not pornography) So How are sex scenes in movies shot? As an actor/actress, how is the experience? When the sexual scene added to the films? What the propose of using adult nature on films? Those question and the ideology so-called unsimulated sex scene tickled my curiosity to having a look on using sexual intercourse in films in terms of making a cinema as†¦show more content†¦Do you think depictions of sex and nudity are important in cinematic storytelling? How have depictions of sex and nudity changed the way we make films? that would be the question I will chasing for find out in this essay. Sexual scene in cinema history In the first day of cinema just after the film-making stated to developing as an industry, moralists faced with to the amount of nudity, sexuality portrayed in movies in contradiction of Censorship dominated the authority to help conservative community, once moving pictures became widespread and available to big amount of viewers. In very first day of cinema on Edison studio, lip-on-lip action â€Å"The Kiss (1896)† may was a first sex scene of a kind. How times have changed! What led the director and to broke barriers, challenged the ratings, and consequence them to further developments. I will have look on some of milestones in the depiction of sex on the big screen. Figure 1 The Kiss(1896) Ecstasy (1933): in The first non-pornographic movie to show the sex act Gustav Machaty’s tells a romantic drama about a really young (19-year-old Hedy Lamarr) and her impotent, wealthy elderly husband, and finds love and lust in the arms of a virile engineer. Censored for a nude bathing swim, a naked forest romp, and a love scene that depicts theShow MoreRelatedThe Broken Circle Breakdown By Felix Van Groeningen Essay1524 Words   |  7 Pagesshowcasing graphic sexuality in European cinema. Europe has never been shy when it comes to nudity or sexual content in their films. In contrast, the United States has been much more conservative about showing sex on screen until relatively recently. A film like The Broken Circle Breakdown is a good representation of how Europe has almost always been much more advanced at handling sex on screen than the United States. The Broken Circle Breakdown, at its core, chronicles the intense relationship and marriageRead MoreEssay about Treatment of Female Sexuality in Last Tango in Paris1685 Words   |  7 Pagesmajor sources of media in our society, which is the all encompassing film. Film acts as a medium for art, and for information. We are entertained, as well as given food for thought when watching a film. 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Throughout her publication Sex After Fascism, Herzog disputes this central argument of the New Left: â€Å"Numerous New Leftists argued directly that sexuality and politics were causally linked; convinced that sexual repression produced racism and fascism, they proposed that sexual emancipation would further social and justice† (2). Although the baby boomers equated sex with anti-fascism, presuming that the Nazis